Living Through War: Lived Experiences of Older Adults in the Gaza Strip from October 7th, 2023, to 2026: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study

Abstract

This study explored how older adults in the Gaza Strip experienced and made sense of life during the war that began in October 2023. It aimed to interpret the conflict’s effects on their living conditions, physical health, psychological well-being, and social relationships. A qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological design was used, with data collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with nine adults aged 65 years or older. Interview transcripts were analyzed iteratively using thematic analysis informed by van Manen’s methodological approach; meaningful statements were coded, grouped into categories, and refined into subthemes and themes through continual researcher reflection. The findings showed persistent insecurity, forced displacement, severe deprivation of food and other basic necessities, loss of income, and sharply reduced access to medications and health services, which further compromised chronic disease management and daily functioning. Participants also described fear, helplessness, hopelessness, anxiety, grief, and anticipation of death, alongside family separation, weakened social networks, and increased isolation. Religious practices, mutual support, and simple recreational activities were reported as coping strategies, although available support was limited. The study concludes that the war intensified older adults’ pre-existing physical, psychological, and social vulnerabilities. It highlights the urgent need for age-responsive humanitarian action that integrates accessible health care, mental health and psychosocial support, social protection, and dignified provision of basic needs, while calling for further research on particularly vulnerable groups of older adults.